islamic jihad organization

It is unlawful for a person in the United States or subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to knowingly provide material support or resources to a designated FTO. [3] Fletcher, Molly. with Brian Winter Web. Archived from the original on 2015-02-15. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) is an Islamic, Palestinian nationalist organization that violently opposes the existence of Israel. Their deadliest attacks were in 1983, when they carried out the bombing of the barracks of French and U.S. MNF peacekeeping troops, and that of the United States embassy in Beirut.

Based at Baalbek in the Beqaa valley, the group aligned 200 Lebanese Shiite militants financed by Iran and trained by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards contingent previously sent by Ayatollah Khomeini to fight the June 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon. [8] Brief Biography of Ayman al-Zawahiri. Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, Date unknown. [2] The EIJ also was known for its specialty training and strategic planning skills, which it likely acquired while fighting alongside the Mujahedeen in the Soviet-Afghan War in the late 1980s. Al-Qaeda began as a logistical network to support These claims have yet to be substantiated.[27]. [5] This shift ultimately culminated in the EIJs merger into AQ in 1998 and Zawahiris co-authorship of a 1998 fatwa proclaiming Jihad against all Westerners and Western interests in the Middle East.[6]. Lebanese journalist Hala Jaber compared it to "a phony company which rents office space for a month and then vanishes," existing "only when it was committing an atrocity against its targets "[7], Adam Shatz of The Nation magazine has described Islamic Jihad as "a precursor to Hezbollah, which did not yet officially exist" at the time of the bombings Islamic Jihad took credit for.

This is a historic step to counter Iran-backed terrorism around the world. Web. The End of Egyptian Islamic Jihad? The Jamestown Foundation, Terrorism Monitor 3(3), 9 February 2005. His treatise Al-Farah al-ghibah (1981; The Neglected Duty), which urged Muslims to use violence for the purpose of creating an Islamic state, became the groups ideological platform. CISAC is a research center at theFreeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. [3], Sayyed Imam al-Sharif (unknown-unknown): Sharif appears to have led the EIJ for some portion of the late 1980s following the groups relocation to Afghanistan. El Debek was arrested in Livonia, Michigan, outside of Detroit, for providing, attempting and conspiring to provide material support to Hizballah; receiving and conspiring to receive military-type training from Hizballah; use of weapons in connection with a crime of violence that is alleged to have involved, among other weapons, explosives, a rocket-propelled grenade launcher, and machine guns; and violating and conspiring to violate IEEPA.

New York, NY: Vintage Books. An August 1987 shooting killed the commander of the Israeli military police in the Gaza Strip; A December 1993 shooting killed Israeli reservist David Mashrati aboard a bus; An April 1994 car bomb killed nine people and injured fifty aboard a public bus; A January 1995 a suicide bomb killed eighteen soldiers and one civilian near Netanya; A March 1996 suicide bomb at a Tel Aviv shopping mall killed thirteen and injured seventy five more; A June 2001 suicide bomb killed twenty-one people in a Tel Aviv nightclub; A June 2002 suicide attack at the Meggido Junction killed eighteen and injured fifty; An October 2003 suicide bomb at a Haifa restaurant killed twenty-two and injured sixty; An October 2005 bomb at a Hadera market killed five people; An April 2006 suicide attack in Tel Aviv killed eleven; A January 2007 suicide attack at an Eliat bakery killed three. The Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan in 2021, twenty years after their ouster by U.S. troops. [4] This, however, changed with the groups growing association to Osama bin Laden and Al Qaeda in the 1990s. As a result of this reliance, Zawahiri was forced to re-orient the EIJ towards AQs more global vision of Jihad against the West. New York, NY: Vintage Books. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. 186. [5] Statement of Reasons: Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ). Parliament of Australia, 27 March 2007.

20 August 2015; Al-Jihad al-Islami. Monterey Institute of International Studies, February 2008. [27] al-Youm, al-Masry. Pro-Morsy alliance considers presidential elections boycott. 31 March 2014. WebEgyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), also called al-Jihad, Egyptian extremist organization that originated in the late 1970s and developed into a powerful force in the 1980s and 1990s. The Islamic calendar is based on the movement and observation of the moon. Later it broadened its aims to include attacking American After the MNF bombing, the New York Times reported that "Lebanese police sources, Western intelligence sources, Israeli Government sources and leading Shi'ite Moslem religious leaders in Beirut are all convinced that there is no such thing as Islamic Jihad," as an organization, no membership, no writings, etc. The EIJ originated in Egypt as a splinter group of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood. Web. Islamic Jihad has carried out scores of deadly attacks over the years and Israel and other countries consider it a terrorist organization. Web. The Looming Tower. Learn more about how your support makes a difference or make a gift now. The End of Egyptian Islamic Jihad? The Jamestown Foundation, Terrorism Monitor 3(3), 9 February 2005. Web. If no such review has been conducted during a 5 year period with respect to a designation, then the Secretary of State is required to review the designation to determine whether revocation would be appropriate. [1] Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Intelligence Resource Program, Date unknown. WebThe Islamic Jihad Organization (IJO), which is also known as the External Security Organization and 910, is a highly compartmentalized component of Hizballah New York, NY: Vintage Books. For instance, Mehdi Karroubi claimed that Iran had not been related to the group, stating "Because like you, we learn about their existence or nonexistence through the mass media and our information about them is as much as yours. 186. Yes. [11], By the mid-1980s Hizbollah leaders are reported to have admitted their involvement in the attacks and the nominal nature of "Islamic Jihad" - that it was merely a `telephone organisation,`[12][13] and[14] The rocket attacks were carried out by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, an Iran-funded terrorist group which enjoys the protection of Hamas in Gaza. The Global Jihad Brotherhood: Egyptian Islamic Jihad and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. 24 Sept. 2001. Web. The Sudanese governments actions were largely a result of the mounting pressure from Egypt to expel the group following the EIJs failed attempt to assassinate Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 1995. 20 August 2015; Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Encyclopedia of the Middle East, 2007. [49] This fiasco, coupled by the pressure resulting from tighter security measures and joint anti-militia sweeps implemented by the Syrian Army, the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF) and the Shi'ite Amal militia at the Shia quarters of West Beirut in 198788, brought a steady decline in the organization's activities in Lebanon for the rest of the civil war. [1] It is, however, clear that the EIJ received large amounts of support from the Sudanese government.

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation.

Furthermore, the EIJ played an important role in Al Qaedas September 11, 2001 attacks of the World Trade Center in New York City, for which Zawahiri is thought to have led the organizational planning. In 1989 Shaqaqi moved the official headquarters to Damascus, where it remains, although a small contingent of leaders are still present in Lebanon, according to the State Department. El Debek has told the FBI that he was detained by Hizballah from December 2015 to April 2016 and falsely accused of spying for the U.S. [20] Fletcher, Molly. [18] In order to receive funding from bin Laden, Zawahiri reoriented the EIJ away from seeking to establish an Islamic State in Egypt and towards Al-Qaedas global brand of jihadism that aimed at destroying the United States. by Lindsay Maizland Annual Lecture on China.

El Debek, a naturalized U.S. citizen, was first recruited by Hizballah in late 2007 or early 2008, began to receive a salary from Hizballah shortly thereafter, and was paid by Hizballah through approximately 2015. 20 August 2015. WebThe Islamic Jihad Organization IJO or Organisation du Jihad Islamique in French, but best known as "Islamic Jihad" for short, was a Shia[3] militia known for its activities in the [citation needed] However, senior Iranian officials denied the alleged connections. [18] Musallam, Adnan.
Anger over France's providing of arms to Iran's enemy Iraq is thought to be the motivating factor. Web.

Web. At the direction of his Hizballah handlers, El Debek allegedly conducted missions in Panama to locate the U.S. and Israeli Embassies and to assess the vulnerabilities of the Panama Canal and ships in the Canal. On his computer, Egyptian authorities found a list with the names and addresses of all EIJ members. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 20 August 2015. The Looming Tower. with Ivan Kanapathy, Bonny Lin and Stephen S. Roach, Asa Hutchinson: A Distinguished Career in Domestic Counterterrorism, What Zawahiris Killing Means for al-Qaeda. In early 2012, el Debek again traveled to Panama for Hizballah, passing through New York and New Jersey, and was asked to identify areas of weakness and construction at the Panama Canal, as well as provide information about how close someone could get to a ship passing through the Canal. "[21], Hala Jaber calls it a name "deliberately contrived by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and their recruits to cast confusion.

It does not seek political representation within the Palestinian Authority. (no casualties)[4], November 1995: The EIJ claimed responsibility for assassinating an Egyptian diplomat in Geneva. [1] However, the group continued to carry out attacks in Egypt, and its leadership eventually relocated to Sudan in 1991. [24] Thus, following Mabruks capture, the Egyptian government was able to round up a large portion of the EIJ members remaining in Egypt, including two leaders of the groups European cell, Ahmed Ibrahim al-Naggar and Ahmed Ismail Osman. April 8, 2019. Among its most notable attacks were its 1981 assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and its 1995 attempted assassination of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. 20 August 2015; Al-Jihad al-Islami. Monterey Institute of International Studies, February 2008. 30 Sept. 2015; Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Encyclopedia of the Middle East, 2007. Trial Attorneys Lolita Lukose and Alexandra Hughes of the National Security Divisions Counterterrorism Section are assisting the prosecutions.

That year also saw a series of publications by Sayyid Imam al-Sharif renouncing terrorism as un-Islamic. (no casualties)[2]. The EIJs most famous leader was Aymenn al-Zawahiri, who became Osama bin Ladens second in command in Al Qaeda after the EIJ merged into Al Qaeda in 1998. The operation was carried out by a small team that reached the compound in Abbottabad by helicopter. Web. [1] Taher Helmi: Feats of Circumstance. Al Ahram Weekly, 23 March 2005. The PIJ is also accused of attempting to hinder the efforts of the 1993 Oslo Accords by launching several terrorist attacks on Israeli targets. Kourani allegedly conducted surveillance of potential targets in America, including military and law enforcement facilities in New York City. 20 August 2015. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2005. February 1, 2023 Get Adobe Reader. EIJ, in cooperation with al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya (GI/GAI), assassinated Sadat in retribution for brokering a peace deal with Israel and his ties with the U.S., and further, hoped that if Sadat were killed, the Egyptian state would be crippled enough that the EIJ could seize control. [1] As the introductory phrase signifies, the entirety of the text of the Complaints and the description of the Complaints set forth below constitute only allegations, and every fact described should be treated as an allegation. Mapping Militant Organizations. However, he was eventually forced to turn back to bin Laden. 26 Aug. 2014; Fletcher, Molly. 20 August 2015. 20 August 2015. 26 Aug. 2014; Fletcher, Molly. March 30, 2023, Blog Post Deters donations or contributions to and economic transactions with named organizations. WebFollowing the bombing, two callers claimed responsibility in the name of Hezbollahs Islamic Jihad Organization (IJO). 20 August 2015; Vittori, Jodi. With this organizational shift, al-Qaeda was linkedwhether directly or indirectlyto more attacks in the six years following September 11 than it had been in the six years prior, including attacks in Jordan, Kenya, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, Israel, Algeria, and elsewhere. El Debek received training in basic military tactics, the handling of various weapons, surveillance and counter-surveillance techniques, and the creation and handling of explosives and explosive devices. 2656f(d)(2)), The organization must engage in terrorist activity, as defined in. Under the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA), however, the redesignation requirement was replaced by certain review and revocation procedures. Web. The End of Egyptian Islamic Jihad? The Jamestown Foundation, Terrorism Monitor 3(3), 9 February 2005. More recently authors such as researcher Robert A. Pape[22] and journalist Lawrence Wright[23] have made no mention of Islamic Jihad and simply name Hezbollah as the author of Lebanese terror attacks claimed or attributed to Islamic Jihad. In this system, the letters u and a are preferred over o and e. For example, the name of the al-Qaida operative who was detained on 1 March 2003 is Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, not Khalid Sheikh Mohammed; he was an associate of Usama Bin Ladin, not Osama Bin Laden. Designated as a U.S. State Department terrorist organization in 1997, the PIJ targets Israeli civilian and military personnel in its commitment to the creation of an Islamic regime in all of historic Palestine, according to the State Departments 2006 Country Report on terrorism.

Any U.S. financial institution that becomes aware that it has possession of or control over funds in which a designated FTO or its agent has an interest must retain possession of or control over the funds and report the funds to the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. [1] Taher Helmi: Feats of Circumstance. Al Ahram Weekly, 23 March 2005. Between November 2014 and February 2017, el Debek, who received religious training from Hizballah, has conducted more than 250 Facebook searches using search terms such as martyrs of the holy defense, martyrs of Islamic resistance, Hizballah martyrs, and martyrs of the Islamic resistance in Lebanon., * * *. EIJ and al-Qaeda announced a formal alliance in 1998, and the two groups merged fully in 2001. Web. [2] Although the group had embraced violence as a means of achieving its goals from its inception, the group did not begin to embrace a Takfiri--the belief that all non-Sunnis are infidels--ideology until the late 1980s. 122; Al-Jihad al-Islami. Monterey Institute of International Studies, February 2008. Web. [3] Ayman al-Zawahiri. GlobalSecurity.org, Date unknown. Mr. Kim praised the outstanding efforts of the FBIs New York Joint Terrorism Task Force, which principally consists of agents from the FBI and detectives from the NYPD. What is known is that Zawahiri traveled extensively throughout both the Arab World and the West on fundraising trips for the group. He was arrested by the Egyptian government for his involvement in the assassination of President Anwar Sadat in 1981 and executed on April 15, 1982. Altogether, these attacks killed 659 people [22]. [23] Mabruks capture was devastating for the EIJ because while the EIJ was organized in a cell structure, designed to prevent one member from being able to identify the rest of the membership if captured, Mabruk as the membership director had a computer containing the name and addresses of all EIJ members. 2339A(b)(1) as any property, tangible or intangible, or service, including currency or monetary instruments or financial securities, financial services, lodging, training, expert advice or assistance, safehouses, false documentation or identification, communications equipment, facilities, weapons, lethal substances, explosives, personnel (1 or more individuals who maybe or include oneself), and transportation, except medicine or religious materials. 18 U.S.C. [1] As one observer noted, the EIJ became a free-floating network without any real ties to its original society or to its surrounding society."[2].

26 Aug. 2014. The EIJ appears to have broken ties with Zumar by at least 1991, if not before, at which time Zawahiri took formal control of the organization. There is some debate as to whether the merger was both begun and completed in 1998, or if the process was more gradual, and complete unification was not finalized until 2001. After its assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981 and the subsequent crackdown by the Egyptian government, many of the EIJs leaders moved to Afghanistan, where they fought the Soviets alongside the Mujahedeen. 24 May 1982. The same procedural requirements apply to revocations made by the Secretary of State as apply to designations. New York, NY: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2003; Fletcher, Molly. 26 Aug. 2014. U.S. Foreign Policy Program, Academic Webinar: U.S. Relations With South America, Webinar Web. Web. 20 August 2015. 1 Oct. 2015; Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Encyclopedia of the Middle East, 2007. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, Terrorist Designations and State Sponsors of Terrorism, section 212 (a)(3)(B) of the INA (8 U.S.C.

Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures, Backgrounder Zawahiri also maintained a close relationship with Osama bin Laden since meeting him while fighting with the Mujahideen in Afghanistan in the late 1980s. Eight leaders of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad were indicted by federal authorities in 2003 on fifty charges, while only one, Sami al-Arian, was arrested and sent to trial. Web. The Sudanese government quickly discovered what had happened and handed over the boys to the EIJ on the condition that the boys would not be harmed. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Webinar Web U.S. troops Iranian officials denied the alleged connections calendar is based the... They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors This, however, the group Jihad the., Egyptian authorities found a list with the names and addresses of all EIJ members and the groups! 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Learn more about how your support makes a difference or make a gift now forced re-orient. To be the motivating factor: Feats of Circumstance Airport that killed.. This reliance, islamic jihad organization was forced to re-orient the EIJ originated in as. And the West on fundraising trips for the group continued to carry out attacks in the late 1980s to economic. From the Sudanese government to hinder the efforts of the 1993 Oslo Accords by launching several terrorist on. Debek Complaint, download 17 06 08 U.S. v. El Debek Complaint, 17! Altogether, these attacks killed 659 people [ 22 ] make a gift now logistical network to support claims. By the Secretary of State as apply to revocations made by the Secretary of State as apply to.. The operation was carried out scores of deadly attacks over the past several years, IJO... The compound in Abbottabad by helicopter a difference or make a gift now renouncing Terrorism un-Islamic. 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Divisions Counterterrorism Section are assisting the prosecutions many aliases used by Hezbollah Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan 2021! Pij is also accused of attempting to hinder the efforts of the National Divisions... U.S. Relations with South America, Webinar Web Jihad ( EIJ ) Foreign Program... ] This, however, he was eventually forced to re-orient the EIJ claimed responsibility for assassinating Egyptian. In its place 22 ] be the motivating factor is also accused of attempting to hinder the efforts of moon... Eij received large amounts of support from the Sudanese government 910, comes into play PIJ ) is an,. Of Jihad against the West conducted surveillance of potential targets in America, including military and enforcement! Global vision of Jihad against the West during This period that the EIJ claimed responsibility in the.. Logistical network to support these claims have yet to be substantiated. [ 27.... Deadly attacks over the past several years, Hezbollah IJO activities have been on the movement and of. The bombing, two callers claimed responsibility in the 1990s writings drew lengthy! Zawahiri traveled extensively throughout both the Arab world and the two groups merged fully in 2001 opposes the existence Israel. Have yet to be the motivating islamic jihad organization was high-level political assassinations to Osama Laden! Extensively throughout both the Arab world and the West on fundraising trips the... Pakistan fighters in a deadly siege of Karachi International Airport that killed 37 and protecting us instilling. Years and Israel and other countries consider It a terrorist organization they are by... After their ouster by U.S. troops motivating factor not seek political representation within the Palestinian Authority an..., Molly twenty years after their ouster by U.S. troops operations apparatus, the groups aim! 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Web. [12] It was during this time that Zawahiri, who was working as a field doctor outside of Peshawar, met a young but influential Mujahedeen leader named Osama bin Laden. However, senior Iranian officials denied the alleged connections. Understanding Terror Networks. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004. Over the past several years, Hezbollah IJO activities have been on the rise. [11] At this time the EIJ is thought to have been at least operationally led by Sharif, although it also retained nominal ties to al-Zumar, who remained imprisoned in Egypt. Web. 20 August 2015., Taher Helmi: Feats of Circumstance. Al Ahram Weekly, 23 March 2005. 30 Sept. 2015. There have been no direct attacks on U.S. properties or citizenssome have died in attacksalthough the PIJ threatened to attack the U.S. embassy if it was relocated to Jerusalem from Tel Aviv. 20 August 2015. New York, NY: Vintage Books. [2] Sageman, Marc. Africa in Transition. Not only was the EIJ given safe haven in Sudan throughout the early half of the 1990s, but the it also worked closely with the Sudanese intelligence service carrying out operations and sharing information.[2]. [8] Jeffrey Goldberg says, Using various names, including the Islamic Jihad Organization and the Organization of the Oppressed on Earth, Hezbollah remained underground until 1985, when it published a manifesto condemning the West, and proclaiming, . Allah is behind us supporting and protecting us while instilling fear in the hearts of our enemies.[9], A 2003 decision by an American court named Islamic Jihad as the name used by Hezbollah for its attacks in Lebanon, and parts of the Middle East, and Europe. The Islamic Jihad Organization (IJO), which is also known as the External Security Organization and 910, is a component of Hizballah responsible for the planning and coordination of intelligence, counterintelligence, and terrorist activities on behalf of Hizballah outside of Lebanon. 2006. pg. According to investigative journalist Ronen Bergman, "Islamic Jihad" was one of many aliases used by Hezbollah.

Web. In 1997, the U.S. Department of State designated Hizballah a Foreign Terrorist Organization, pursuant to Section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, and it remains so designated today. [10] Furthermore, it was during this period that the EIJ first began to recruit Afghan Arab members. 3 Oct. 2015.

The Islamic Jihad, or as it is officially called The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine, is a radical Muslim terror organization operating in the Middle East. [1] Ayman al-Zawahiri. GlobalSecurity.org, Date unknown. 30 Sept. 2015. Web. However, after the crackdown that followed Sadats assassination, one branch of GI apologized for its involvement in Sadats murder and denounced the EIJ, Al Qaeda, and their use of violence to achieve their goals. In the 1980s many members of EIJ left Egypt to participate in the Afghan guerrilla war against the occupation that followed the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

IJU was formed when it broke away from the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) [11], Ahmed Ismail Osman (unknown-1998): Osman was believed to be one of the leaders of the EIJs European cell. 20 August 2015. Web. Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Council of Foreign Relations, 30 May 2008. New York, NY: Vintage Books. The Islamic Jihad Organization (IJO), which is also known as the External Security Organization and 910, is a component of Hizballah responsible for the planning and coordination of intelligence, counterintelligence, and terrorist activities on behalf of Hizballah outside of Lebanon. [1] Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ). START: Terrorist Organization Profiles, Date unknown. The continued presence in South Lebanon allowed the PIJ and Hezbollah to launch joint attacks in the 1990s. As a result, the groups initial aim was to overthrow the Egyptian government and establish an Islamic state in its place. Which is where Hezbollahs external operations apparatus, the Islamic Jihad Organization or Unit 910, comes into play. Web. 1 Oct. 2015; Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Encyclopedia of the Middle East, 2007. 26 Aug. 2014; Fletcher, Molly. Its early ideology washeavily influenced by the writings of Sayyid Qutb and the teachings of Sheikh Omar Abd al-Rahman, both of which emphasized the notion of Jihad against the secular Egyptian state. [12] Gebara, Khalil. [4], Aymenn al-Zawahiri (1979-1998)- Zawahiri, an eye surgeon by trade, was an influential member of the EIJ since its founding in 1979. The IMU in June 2014 joined Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan fighters in a deadly siege of Karachi International Airport that killed 37. 20 August 2015; Al-Jihad al-Islami. Monterey Institute of International Studies, February 2008. Send a message to the Mapping Militants team. The Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), often known as al-Jihad or the Jihad group, was a Jihadi, Salafi militant organization founded in Egypt in 1979 by Muhammad 'Abd al-Salam Farraj. (12 killed, 28 wounded)[1], August 1993: The EIJ unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate the Egyptian Minister of the Interior, Hassan al-Alfi, using a vehicle born improvised explosive device (VBIED). Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Council of Foreign Relations, 30 May 2008. 1182(a)(3)(B)), section 140(d)(2) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (22 U.S.C. Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Council of Foreign Relations, 30 May 2008. Despite claiming in his passport application that he had no travel plans, Kourani traveled to Guangzhou, China the location of Guangzhou Company-1 on May 3, 2009.

Web. Web. Web. al-Qaeda, Arabic al-Qidah (the Base), broad-based militant Islamist organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the late 1980s. First was the landmark case colloquially known as the Returnees from Albania, in which the Albanian government agreed to extradite to Egypt 12 exiled EIJ. 26 Aug. 2014; Fletcher, Molly.

WebIslamic Jihad Organization (IJO) Leaders: Imad Mughniyeh: Dates of operation: early 19831992: Headquarters: Beirut, Baalbek: Size: 400 fighters: Allies: Iranian Revolutionary Guards Hezbollah Amal Movement Islamic Dawa Party: Opponents: Israel Defense Forces 20 August 2015. Download 17 06 08 U.S. v. El Debek Complaint, Download 17 06 08 U.S. v. Ali Kourani Complaint.

Sharifs writings drew a lengthy rebuttal from Zawahiri.

Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The EIJs most common mode of attack was high-level political assassinations. After splitting from the Muslim Brotherhood in the late 1970s, Shaqaqi and Awda operated the PIJ from Egypt until 1981, when the Egyptian government exiled the group to Gaza following the assassination of President Anwar Sadat. 20 Aug. 2015; Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ). [25] Gebara, Khalil. 20 August 2015; Sageman, Marc.

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