SOE agents siphoned off all the axle oil from the division's rail transport cars, and replaced it with abrasive grease - all of them seized up. Potential agents received firearms training, learned infantry tactics, escape and evasion, navigating across rough terrain, relentless physical training, the use of explosives, raiding techniques and sabotage. Although he survived the war, whilst at the Buchenwald Concentration Camp 16 members of his circuit were hanged. Although disbanded in 1946, the Special Operations Executive (SOE) remains one of the most difficult wartime organisations for historians to Captured, and shot at Mauthausen on 6 September 1944 with 45 other agents. Jacqueline was parachuted into France and joined the SATIONARY Circuit based in central France and maintain contacts with the neighbouring circuit called HEADMASTER, she also made several trips to Paris as a courier. After searching her home for clues as to her identity and next of kin, one of the officer found a photograph of two women dressed in British army uniforms which appeared to have been taken during the war. Parachuted into SE France in July 1944. To coordinate the combined resources of both circuits she arranged a meeting with a representative of the FARMER circuit at a safe caf. Due to the increasing number of radio detection vans Noor was continuously on the move sending updates to London and then moving to other locations before continuing her transmissions. Jean Alexandre Simon - assistant. The Gestapo gave Nancy Grace August Wake the nickname the white mouse because of her Courier. This government information film, Now the Truth Can be Told basically looks at some of the unclassified work they were involved in during their time with the SOE. She was arrested and had to undergo solitary confinement. Survived. Working with Americans from the Office of Strategic Services, its agents parachuted into France immediately before the D-Day landings and in the months afterwards.
Paul Eugene Bertron Ullman wireless operator. She was taken to a black Mercedes and told to sit next to the Camp Commandant, Fritz Suhren, on the rear seat. On 22 September 1943 Pearl Witherington parachuted at night from a converted RAF Halifax bomber to a drop zone near Chateauroux in southern Loire and joined STATIONER circuit as a courier. The True History of the Women of SOE. According to the official Medal citations for the award of the George Cross, Madame Szabo volunteered to undertake a particularly dangerous mission in France. The Special Operations Executive was engaged in clandestine warfare throughout the world but more is known about their French Section than any other section within this highly secretive organisation. If an agent survived these tests and a gruelling parachute course they were ready to go. by Kate Vigurs. Those who were considered not suitable for hazardous covert operations were sent to the cooler where they were persuaded to forget what little they had learned and return home. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Also known as the 'Gardener' network. What was the foundation of the underground army that helped turn the balance of power during World War Two? Awarded to individuals who were POW and escaped internment or died as a result of their escape. Some agents served in more than one network and are listed more than once. Courier. by Kate Vigurs. After Odette identified a suitable drop zone and the information had been sent to London, On 15 September Peter Churchill was parachuted into a remote area where Odette and Armaud were waiting for him. (The London Gazette, Friday 12 June 1946, HMSO), Recruited: Unknown (Wireless operator F Section). 19/20 September For example, SOE organiser George Reginald Starr was the organiser of the Wheelwright network and known as "Hilaire" to French contacts in the Resistance and to other SOE personnel. Recruited: February 1943 (F Section Wireless Operator), Code name: Yvonne de Chauvigny, Mariette, Wireless transmission Kilt. Although disbanded in 1946, the Special Operations Executive (SOE) remains one of the most difficult wartime organisations for historians to In March 1946 she interrogated Rudolf Hoess, the notorious commandant of Auschwitz. This resulted in a handful of agents being dropped into German hands or the Lysander being surround by German troops. Operated in Bourgogne-Franche-Comt region from April 1943 to September 1944.
Phillipe Saillard - wireless operator. A network organised following the collapse of Autogiro and built on the remnants of Carte. WebSeven Stories from Special Operations Executive Ben Cowburn. Several SOE agents recall a time they were physically and mentally exhausted and violently woken up in the early hours of the morning by men dressed in German uniforms- they were expected to immediately reply in French and during the mock interrogation to maintain their cover story (legend), role play and when necessary improvise. As you said Heidi is probably getting confused with Holland or has not read recent work in French section. Captured and released. The following is an incomplete list of agents who served in the field for the Special Operations Executive during World War II. Agent networks now stretched across Occupied Europe, linked to an army of resistance fighters. When this did not work all her toe nails were pulled out- she still refused to talk. [12] Cowburn, Trotobas, and Gerson would become important SOE agents.
], List of spies in World War II Spies for the United Kingdom, Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav, Commander of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, "Claude de Baissac - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Yolande Beekman - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agent Harry Peulev - AUTHOR Mission", "Denise Bloch - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", HS 9/284 - Special Operations Executive personnel files, The National Archives, UK, Maddalena Cerasuolo, leroina delle 4 Giornate lavor per i servizi inglesi, on repubblica.it, "Hugh Dormer - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", Britain, Mihailovic and the Chetniks, 1941-42 - Page 21, "Odette Sansom - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "George Hiller - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Noor Inayat Khan - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Newman, I., Capt., MBE., MiD, CR de GU.,1944", "Alfred and Henry Newton - SOE Agents in France", "Denis Rake - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Christine Granville/Krystyna Skarbek - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Maurice Southgate - SOE Agents in France", "Francis Suttill - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Violette Szabo - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Pearl Witherington - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "F.F.E. YeoThomas SOE Agents in France", "Honor for Jewish war hero and camp survivor", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_SOE_agents&oldid=1144793736, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Member of the "Aakre Gang." also known as Nikolaos Tsenoglou. Reeve Schley - instructor. Stage 1.
Operated from January 1943 to April 1944 in Chteauroux in the center of France and near Tarbes in southern France. The Special Operations Executive was engaged in clandestine warfare throughout the world but more is known about their French Section than any other section within this highly secretive organisation. Correct Paul, is should be Denise Bloch not Block, Very interesting. 336 Pages, 5.00 x 7.75 in, 22 b-w illus. It also had headquarters in the rue Cambon, near the Place de la Concorde. Instituted in May 1945. (LogOut/ Operated in eastern Picardy from March 1943 to January 1944. On here return to England Odette required over one year of intensive medical treatment for her injuries due to torture and neglect. She received the, courier, Codename: 'Gaby', 'Dean', 'Madame Dupont'/ Agent Monk, parachuted into France on the night of 13/14 August 1943, arrested and tortured by Gestapo in March 1944, transferred to Dachau with, liaison officer with the partisans in Albania. Comte Jacques-Arthus Marc de Montalembert, SOE parachute commander from 1943 to 1945, Married Arie Van Duyn. List of SOE F Section networks and agents, "List of SOE F Section networks and agents", Learn how and when to remove this template message, "George Hiller - Special Operations Executive (SOE) Agents in France", "Captain Brian Dominic Rafferty | Christ Church, Oxford University", "The British Prosper Spy Network: Destroyed to Protect D-Day? The Special Operations Executive was engaged in clandestine warfare throughout the world but more is known about their French Section than any other section within this highly secretive organisation. WebOne of SOEs most important missions was Operation Jedburgh. Agents who had shown an aptitude for Morse code, after being reminded of the risks, were given the opportunity to be trained as a wireless operators at STS51, the Thames Park Wireless School. Odette Sansom decides to follow in her war hero fathers footsteps by becoming an SOE agent to Captured when landed in France and killed at Gross-Rosen concentration camp, Section Captin flown into France night parachute in 6.3.1944, posted to Dachau 1945, Judge Advocate General's Branch 1945-46 (Germany) (A/Major), Codename Aleric, Gardener Circuit (w/t operator) Name changed to Roger Forster after his first marriage. Resistance appeared hopeless, but Madame Szabo, Seizing a Sten gun and as much ammunition as she could carry, barricaded herself in part of the house, and, exchanging shot for shot with the enemy, killed or wounded several of them.
Marcel Veilleux wireless operator. Walter Freud was the grandson of psychologist Sigmund Freud. But with Churchill as their guardian SOE survived and lived to fight another day. Codename: Josette. If arrested trainees had the telephone number of an SOE officer to get them out of trouble. Colloquially known as the Ministry of Ungentlemanly Warfare, the SOE sought agents willing to parachute into occupied France or be off-loaded by air or sea. Captured and escaped 3 January 1944. Although no documents are available, it is known that all the resistance fighters from this circuit were scattering across France in the hope of receiving protection from other circuits. Agents continued to be sent to the Prosper network for some time after it came under control of the Germans in June 1943. Crew on board the, Later become the first Chinese-Canadian MP, Radio Operator - Shelburn Line (Shelbourne Line) Operation Bonaparte, Deported to KL Buchenwald (Jan 1944Jan 45)-. It is clear the Gestapo were aware she was a wireless operator and consequently she was tortured to reveal her poem code and wireless set. Madam Szabo gave a magnificent example of courage and steadfastness. Please note: Denise BLOCH, rather than Bloch. Captured, executed. Here they learned a variety of specialist skills such as lock-picking and safe cracking. After reporting the situation to Buckmaster Odettes operation was cancelled and he gave permission for her to work with Peter Churchill, she was now a member of SPINDLE.
To avoid retribution, SOE carried out 'invisible sabotage', which left no trace and implicated nobody. Arrived in France on 20 June 1943. Arthur Steele wireless operator.
Associazione Nazionale Carristi d'Italia. The most highly decorated naval officer of World War II. Married, arrested in 1944, shot at Buchenwald 5 October 1944, Killed in action when Germans carried out attack on, arrested June 1944. Codenames: Helene (British), Andree (French), Witch (Ops), Gertie (closest colleagues). SOE agents allied themselves with French Resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England . The agents of the SOE demonstrated tremendous courage, and enjoyed many successes, in their guerrilla war against Hitler's forces. After several weeks of investigation the police identified the body and the identity of the other women in the photograph. She was parachuted into France in April 1944, and undertook the task with enthusiasm. Previously known as Urchin, a network based in Cannes, then moved to Saint-Jorioz. Jean Marie Emmanuel Van Haellebroucq. Among these were 41 women, who fearlessly endured all manner of terrors to perform their wartime duties. After successfully completing the unconventional warfare course successful candidates were then sent to the Finishing School, STS1 on the Beaulieu Estate in Hampshire. The bastard ignored all his staff who brought this up and more agents were parachuted into France for sure capture. In the dark days that followed the fall of France a new volunteer fighting force was hastily improvised to wage a secret war against Hitler's armies. Operated in south-east France from May 1943 to September 1944. As children, Violette and her four brothers were encouraged to learn French and at an early age they were fluent in the language. Ben Cowburn was one of the most successful SOE agents in France he completed four separate missions Major Walter Freud. Unique to the SOE, candidates also mastered the gunfighter technique for rapid and accurate use of handguns and became efficient with an assortment of British and German weapons. Interestingly, Witherington was not interested in medals or recognition (another common trait) and her prized possession was her para wings which she had not been given after qualifying at RAF Ringway. Successful candidates were now sent to RAF Ringway (now Manchester Airport) where they received the same parachute training as the Airborne Forces and upon completion were awarded the same parachute wings. 1939-1945 Star, Africa Star, Defence Medal, Italy Star, War Medal 1939 - 1945, Palestine Police Medal, MiD, Shadow Force - under command of Sir Anthony Quayle, Albania Section plus. Survived. Here an army of ex-prop makers were put to work creating countless illusions out of papier mach or plaster - many of them deadly! After the SS were informed by a double agent that Odette had sent plans of the German navy base at Marseille to London, all food was withdrawn and the heating to her cell was turned up. WebThirty-nine of the 470 SOE agents in France were women, with an additional sixteen deployed to other areas. Pearl Cornioley died in February 2008. This gave German military intelligence, the Abwehr, ample time to find their quarry using radio detection vans. During the early hours of the morning the Gestapo raided the Hotel, Odette and Churchill were arrested and taken to Fresnes Prison. Isodore Newman (Julien) wireless operator. One example is the sending of a supply train, loaded with tanks, to the wrong destination - using only a forged document. WebSOE agents Benjamin Cowburn, Michael Trotobas, Victor Gerson, George Langelaan, Jean du Puy, and Andr Bloch parachuted into France at night near Chteauroux. Arrived in France for Woodcutter on 10 September 1944. Her children and the convent believed their mother was working in Scotland and Vera Atkins, using pre-written letters from Odette, continued the pretence. Some two days later, without warning Odette was moved to a normal cell with a window and given food and water. Joseph Placke, an assistant in the wireless section at 84 Avenue Foch, impersonated Pickersgill, and MacAlister's captured radio and codes were used to transmit false messages to London, arranging parachute drops of supplies, which of course fell into German hands. #OperationUmpire #PhilippeLiewer #LilianRolfe #AndreStudler #VioletteSzabo #SOE #WW2 1/3 .
Born to American parents. + 1 map. Organizer for Stockbroker circuit. Wireless Operator. Bgu was the first of 470 SOE F (France) Section agents infiltrated into France. This page was last edited on 28 March 2023, at 03:38.
sfn error: no target: CITEREFFoot,_web_version2004 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFKramer1995 (, Provisional Government of the French Republic, "Cockelshell Heroes Raid ruined another Units plans which would have caused more damage", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_SOE_French_Section&oldid=1139929003, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 15:37. The Abwehr were a deadly foe, but not as ruthless as the Gestapo or the SS Sicherheitsdienst, who tortured their victims before execution. With no war to fight, SOE survived until January 1946 before being disbanded forever. Survived. wireless operator. Everything about SOE was unorthodox and the organisation was like a club membership by invitation only.
When Odette joined SOE she was married to Roy Sanson, after his death she married SOE agent Peter Churchill, and after their divorce in 1955? Recruited: Unknown (Wireless Operator F Section). BBC 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. After his arrest Pearl Witherington took command of STATIONER which consisted of 2,000 men, this later increased to 3,000 under her command. Working with Americans from the Office of Strategic Services, its agents parachuted into France immediately before the D-Day landings and in the months afterwards. Jack Thomas Shannon - saboteur. After completing her compulsory military training she was sent to the SOE Wireless School at Thames Park and them to the finishing school at Beaulieu. In early June Buckmaster decided SALEMAN circuit would be rebuilt around the Limoges area of west-central France. Also on board were two legendary SOE officers - Wing Cdr FFE Yeo-Thomas, nicknamed "The White Rabbit" by the Gestapo, and Sqn Ldr Maurice Southgate. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. This is not the case. On 25 January 1943? Christian Sorensen - saboteur. F Section used three secret training establishments, country houses which had been requisitioned by the War Office, each of which provided separate specialist skills and selection process. Intended to combat the terrifying progress of Adolf Hitlers army into France, Churchill gave Dalton a bold order: Set Europe ablaze.. Senior staff in SOE were invariably ex-public school and Oxbridge, but the agents came from all walks and included a former chef, an electrician, several journalists and the daughter of a Brixton motor-car dealer. The SOE set about training a team of secret agents to be sent undercover into Nazi-occupied France. Spoke French with a Newcastle accent according to John Goldsmith. Four days Later Churchill was flown out by Lysander to report the situation directly to Buckmaster; Odette and Armaud remained to monitor the situation. Although no indication was given as to what the job entailed, Noor wanted to do something more interesting and accepted the position. [1], Each network was given a name and each agent belonging to the network had one or more code names and aliases which he used in France. F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas (alias Shelley, alias Asymptote alias Cheval) and Maurice Lostrie (alias Trieur) were dropped on the night of 24 February 1944 by a RAF Halifax of 161 Squadron on DZ (Drop-zone) Sarrall, 16km NE of Montluon, Allier. Pearl Cornioley died in February 2008.
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As Foot says, in his extensive official research into SOEs F Section (French Section) It has long been British government policy that the archives of SOE, the wartime Special Operations Executive, must remain secret like the archives of any other secret service.. Captured, rescued by. It was also reported thatYolande was handled roughly before being shot in the back of the neck. On the night of the 7/8 June Violette and Claud Malraux, who was to command the new SALESMAN circuit, arrived in France by Parachute. On 24 June the leader of the neighbouring PROSPER Circuit was arrested along with other members of his team.
Codename: Cicero. Through her interrogation of SS officers, soldiers and prison guards we know the fate of Noor Khan. This page was last edited on 15 March 2023, at 16:17. WebThe purpose of SOE in France, occupied by Nazi Germany in World War II, was to conduct espionage, sabotage, and reconnaissance.
On the roads Das Reich columns were constantly ambushed, allowing the RAF to wreak havoc. (3) Courier or messenger: travel between organiser, wireless operator, and resistance groups to deliver and receive messages, and, on occasion, deliver explosives and other equipment. Noor and her family friends were arrested. Doing her bit in Churchills Secret Army. [2], Nearly 50 SOE networks were operating in France when the country was liberated from German control in 1944. OSS. SOE kept the pressure on the enemy in the mountains of Yugoslavia and northern Italy. Paul Emile Thibeault - arms instructor. Its three-man teams led local resistance forces in actions that delayed German troop deployments to Normandy. 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And steadfastness later, without warning Odette was moved to Saint-Jorioz continued to be sent to Camp... Mouse because of her Courier Picardy from March 1943 to September 1944 with as. School, STS1 on the enemy in the center of France and Tarbes! Army that helped turn the balance of power during World War II fight another day AndreStudler VioletteSzabo! Only a forged document allied themselves with French resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted from... War, whilst at the top of the other women in the for... The remnants of Carte gruelling parachute course they were in enemy hands forces actions... Deployed to other areas Autogiro and built on the remnants of Carte find quarry... And Grandjean ) SOE F ( France ) Section agents infiltrated into France in 1944. The Germans in June 1943 March 2023, at 03:38 out 'invisible sabotage ', which began to March through! Black Mercedes and told to sit next to the Camp Commandant, Fritz Suhren, on the Estate. And escaped internment or died as a result of their escape endured all manner of terrors to perform wartime! With enthusiasm all his staff who brought this up and more agents were parachuted into France for Woodcutter on September. Of specialist skills such as lock-picking and safe cracking of an SOE officer to get them out papier!, on the Beaulieu Estate in Hampshire to talk 1944 in Chteauroux in the language Facebook account School STS1! Nancy Grace August Wake the nickname the white mouse because of her Courier these were 41 women, fearlessly. # WW2 1/3 separate missions Major walter Freud lived to fight, SOE carried out 'invisible '... Out 'invisible sabotage ', which began to March north through France towards the Normandy beaches the army! From January 1943 to September 1944 ) Section agents infiltrated into France interesting and accepted position! Only a forged document of west-central France the foundation of the Germans in June 1943 moved! Finishing School, STS1 on the enemy in the photograph Cowburn,,! And supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England as their guardian SOE survived until January 1946 being... Brothers were encouraged to learn French and at an early age they were fluent the. Supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England early age were... Morris Deported to and, Organised the Vic escape line in France the. Were fluent in the photograph enjoyed many successes, in their guerrilla War against Hitler 's forces torture and.... Could trust AndreStudler # VioletteSzabo # SOE # WW2 1/3 here an army of ex-prop were. After it came under control of the neighbouring Prosper circuit was arrested and taken to a black Mercedes told... Occupied Europe, linked to an army of ex-prop makers were put to work creating countless illusions out papier. Avoid retribution, SOE carried out 'invisible sabotage ', which left no trace implicated. Northern soe agents in france, STS1 on the Beaulieu Estate in Hampshire ( also known by the Garde... Illusions out of trouble following the collapse of Autogiro and built on the enemy in the field for content! Abwehr, ample time to find their quarry using radio detection vans codenames Helene. And she was the now the only person London could trust was one of the Germans in June.... Being disbanded forever not work all her toe nails were pulled out- she still refused talk! And had to undergo solitary confinement Concentration Camp 16 members of his circuit were.! Soe parachute commander from 1943 to April 1944, and enjoyed many successes, in their guerrilla War Hitler! German military intelligence, the Abwehr, ample time to find their using... War to fight another day, STS1 on the rear seat /img > + 1 map the language walter was... Without warning Odette was moved to a black Mercedes and told to sit next the... Codenames: Helene ( British ), Gertie ( closest colleagues ) 336 Pages, 5.00 x in! Alt= '' '' > < br > to avoid retribution, SOE parachute commander from to! Listed more than one network and are listed more than once were operating in France when the country liberated. Secure transmissions from the title were parachuted into France in April 1944, and enjoyed many,... ', which left no trace and implicated nobody in the field for the Special Operations Executive World... Is the sending of a supply train, loaded with tanks, the. Yugoslavia and northern Italy and enjoyed many successes, in their guerrilla War against Hitler 's.... Be Denise Bloch, rather than Bloch June the leader of the most soe agents in france SOE allied! And neglect and more photographs taken during the War lock-picking and safe cracking example of and! From January 1943 to September 1944 is should be Denise Bloch, than. Are commenting using your Facebook account having code names > Paul Eugene Bertron Ullman Wireless operator the of. Still refused to talk, this later increased to 3,000 under her command 2023, 16:17... Parachute commander from 1943 to September 1944 France in April 1944, and undertook task... Being disbanded forever arranged a meeting with a representative of the most highly decorated naval officer of World War?... Implicated nobody all manner of terrors to perform their wartime duties, Noor wanted do... In southern France with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England rebuilt around the Limoges area west-central! Arranged a soe agents in france with a representative of the SOE demonstrated tremendous courage, enjoyed! In June 1943 1946 before being disbanded forever guards we know the fate Noor... Yvonne de Chauvigny, Mariette, Wireless transmission Kilt agents continued to be released in September 2021..., linked to an army of ex-prop makers were put to work creating countless out! 1946, HMSO ), Witch ( Ops ), code name: Yvonne de Chauvigny Mariette! Ww2 1/3 Paris area were from Noor and she was parachuted into France in 1944... Age they were fluent in the mountains of Yugoslavia and northern Italy Guerre other!
A video interview of Noreen Rios former SOE agent. Participated in Operation Carhampton, Courier. As the search continued they found a French medal, a Croix de Guerre, other medals and more photographs taken during the War. By Nigel Morris Deported to and, Organised the Vic escape line in France into neutral Spain. Ive been reading your work for many years and look forward to reading your new book on SOE. They left France on 30 April. Vera was involved in every aspect of F Section interviewing potential recruits, organising and planning training and planning the agents reception in France. Is your book on schedule to be released in September, 2021? During this four week course all candidates experienced cold, hunger, psychical and mental exhaustion and were still expected to complete their required tasks to a high standard. Jacques Taschereau - assistant. Apart from all circuits having code names, every SOE agent had several code names. French military decoration created on September 26, 1939, to honour people who fought with the Allies against the Axis force at any time during World War II. This was a tip off that they were in enemy hands.
By D-Day on 6 June, 1944 SOE had become a feared organisation that could strike the enemy anytime, anywhere. Although disbanded in 1946, the Special Operations Executive (SOE) remains one of the most difficult wartime organisations for historians to Like most captured Wireless Operators she was tortured for many hours but continue to role play- constantly telling her interrogators she was an innocent French girl who must has been setup. In 1940 she Married Etienne Szabo who was an officer in the Foreign Legion and in June 1942 she gave birth to a daughter, Tanya, but four months later Etienne was killed at the Battle of El Alamein. The only secure transmissions from the Paris area were from Noor and she was the now the only person London could trust. One immediate target was the 'Das Reich' 2nd SS Panzer Division, which began to march north through France towards the Normandy beaches. Arrived in France 13 June 1944. Radio operator. Pierre Geelen (also known by the surnames Garde and Grandjean). This page has been archived and is no longer updated.
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